Communications in Humanities Research ISSN: 2753-7072
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Research Article

The Transmission and Transformation of the Bhavachakra ("Wheel of Life") Imagery in China

Yun TianKingston University*

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

This paper examines the transmission and transformation of the Bhavachakra ("Wheel of Life") imagery in China, tracing its evolution from Indian origins to distinct regional adaptations. Through case studies of the Yulin Caves, Dazu Rock Carvings, Tibetan thangkas, and the Alzhai Grottoes, the analysis reveals two primary trajectories: the faithful preservation of doctrinal and iconographic integrity along the Hexi Corridor, and the creative, localized reinterpretation in regions such as Inner Mongolia, where the motif was adapted to express political and cultural narratives. The study highlights how the Bhavachakra served not only as a vehicle for Buddhist teachings but also as a dynamic medium for cross-cultural dialogue, reflecting processes of assimilation, adaptation, and symbolic reinvention within Chinese visual and religious traditions.

Keywords: Bhavachakra; buddhist art; cultural transmission; iconographic adaptation
Published: February 24, 2026
DOI: 10.54254/2753-7064/2026.HT31927
Volume: CHR Vol.104
pp. 101-113
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