The Historical Evolution, Limitation Analysis, and Reconstruction of the Classification System for Erhu Right-Hand Bowing Techniques

Abstract

Erhu right-hand bowing techniques are the core of sound production and artistic expression, and the construction of their theoretical system is crucial to teaching practice and artistic innovation. This paper sorts out the development context of erhu right-hand bowing techniques from the exploration period in the first half of the 20th century, the systematic construction period in the second half of the 20th century to the refined research period in the 21st century. It analyzes the limitations of existing classification systems such as the "Three Elements of Bowing" and the "Three-Category Method" in terms of standards, concepts, and terminology. Based on the "spatial movement relationship between bow hair and strings", a new system of "Planar Bowing Techniques - Vertical Bowing Techniques" is constructed, and its value is verified through the practice of classic works. The research aims to provide a scientific classification framework for erhu bowing theory, promote the scientization of national instrumental music technology theory, and facilitate the inheritance and international dialogue of erhu art.