Framework of "Optimization of Coastal Urban Building Layout Based on Tsunami Risk"
Abstract
Tsunamis pose significant threats to South China’s coastal cities, with the Manila subduction zone as the primary risk source, where 2500-year return period wave heights exceed 3m in high-risk areas. While recent studies advanced risk assessment, analyzed coastal risk, explored Pearl River Estuary terrain effects, and proposed a full-chain framework, they lack integration with building layout optimization. This study develops a layout optimization framework for these cities: it uses Liu’s framework to zone areas into three risk levels (high: >3m wave/2m inundation; medium: 1–3m/0.5–2m; low: <1m/<0.5m) by integrating multi-source data, and links to evacuation research. Results propose targeted strategies: high-risk zones need strict density control and coastal green buffers; medium zones require reduced spacing and wave-resistant materials; low zones prioritize evacuation alignment. The framework bridges risk assessment and planning, providing a scientific basis for coastal resilience, though it relies on existing data.
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