Communications in Humanities Research ISSN: 2753-7072
Home> Volumes> Volume CHR Vol.82> Article
Research Article

Research on the Hu-Han Relations in the Northern Wei Dynasty

Chuqi ZhangThe Chinese University of Hong Kong*

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

As the last dynasty to unify northern China the Wei, Jin, and Northern and Southern Dynasties period, the Northern Wei Dynasty confronted a highly complex ethnic landscape. It included relations among different Xianbei tribal groups, between the Xianbei and other minorities, between the Xianbei and the Han Chinese, as well as among the Han Chinese and other non-Han ethnic groups. Within the multi-ethnic context, the Tuoba Xianbei ultimately chose to collaborate with the Han Chinese clans in state-building, even aspiring toward ethnic integration. Such strategic cooperation significantly influenced the political trajectory of the Northern Wei Dynasty. This paper focuses on three crucial political transformations in the Northern Wei Dynasty, outlining a three-stage development process alongside the evolution of ethnic relations.

Keywords: The Northern Wei; Hu-Han relations; Cui Hao; Emperor Xiaowen; the Riots of Six Military Towns
Published: September 3, 2025
DOI: 10.54254/2753-7064/2025.NE26538
Volume: CHR Vol.82
pp. 94-99
Download PDF

References

  1. Luo Xin. The Rebel Who Will Not Do Anything. Shanghai Sanlian Publishing House, May 2019.
  2. Tian Yuqing. Exploration of Tuoba History. Shanghai Sanlian Publishing House. 2019.
  3. Mou Runsun. Annotations to History Studio. Zhonghua Book Company. 2009.
  4. Chen Yinke and Wan Shengnan. Lectures on the History of Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties by Chen Yinke. Tianjin People's Publishing House. 2018.
  5. Sima Guang and Hu Sanxing. Zi Zhi Tong Jian Er Bai Jiu Shi Si Juan. Tai Bei Shi, Qi Ming, Min 49, 1960.
  6. Wei Shou. Wei Shu. Zhonghua Book Company, Beijing Shi, Zhonghua Shu Ju, 2018.
  7. Shen Yue. Song Shu. Zhonghua Book Company, Beijing, Zhonghua Shu Ju, 2019.
  8. Huijiao, Tang Yongtong. Biographies of Eminent Monks, Zhonghua Book Company, 1992
  9. Lü Simian. History of the Two Jin Dynasties and the Northern and Southern Dynasties (2 volumes). Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House (Yuewen), 1 Feb. 2021.
  10. Lu Yaodong. From Pingcheng to Luoyang: The Process of Cultural Transformation in Tuoba Wei. Dongda Book Co., Ltd., 18 Nov. 2021.
  11. Qian Mu. Outline of National History / Guo Shi Da Gang. Commercial Press, Beijing, Shang Wu Yin Shu Guan, 2017.
  12. Ma Duanlin. Comprehensive Examination of Literature, Zhonghua Book Company, 2011
  13. Li Baiyao. Book of Northern Qi, Zhonghua Book Company, 1972
  14. Li Yanshou. History of Northern Dynasties, Zhonghua Book Company, 1974