The Sting of Emotion: A Study on Facial Responses to Emotional and Physical Pain

Abstract

This paper explores the embodiment of cognitive and emotional processes through the perspective of metaphor theory and embodied cognition. According to embodied cognition, cognitive processes are shaped by bodily interactions with the physical world. A key challenge within this framework is understanding how abstract concepts are represented beyond direct sensory or motor experience. In this work, we investigate whether metaphorical representations of fear involve embodied simulations by analyzing facial expressions under physical and emotional stimuli using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS). Specifically, the study examines the parallels in facial motor responses to physical pain and emotional distress. Our research focuses on identifying shared facial grimacing patterns, such as brow lowering and lip tightening, that signal a “sting” sensation in both contexts. Findings from this research aim to illuminate the embodied nature of emotional experiences, bridging the gap between abstract cognitive representations and their physical manifestations. This research contributes to the broader discussion of how abstract emotional experiences are deeply rooted in physical sensations, with potential implications for therapeutic approaches to emotional pain.