Research Article

The Butterfly Straight Outta Compton: Analysis of Hip-hop Music and Its Impact on Black Rights Movements

Zijun PengSt. Anselm’s Abbey School*

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

Abstract

Hip-hop music and its relationship with African American rights movements was not widely studied in the last 40 years. Most of the research focuses on its protest attribute and how it links to the police violence after Black civil Rights Movements.. This essay turns instead to the contrast between the hip-hop music in the 1980s and 2010s. Contextualizing N.W.A(Niggas with Attitude)’s music within the rising awareness of Black rights and the increase of police violence shows both their protest attribute and desire for justice through “Gangster Rap,” which is represented by the lyrics of violence, drug and sex. Kendrick Lamar, on the other hand, expresses his idea of protest and self-reflection in a more “activist” way through “Conscious Rap,” which focuses on socio-political, economic and cultural issues. The two artists’ lyrics and their time reveal how popular culture influences the ideas of people and how the Black rights movements changes

Keywords: Hip-hop music; African American; the 1980s and 2010s; Kendrick Lamar; N.W.A
Published: April 19, 2024
DOI: 10.54254/2753-7064/28/20230291
Volume: CHR Vol.28
pp. 187-192
Download PDF

References

  1. Rose, Tricia. Black Noise: Rap Music and Black Culture in Contemporary America. Wesleyan, 1994.
  2. Craig, Todd. “Open Season 2015: hip-hop’s responsibility in civil rights lost.” Modern Language Studies, vol. 45, no. 1, 2015, pp. 51–53. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/24616764. Accessed 18 July 2023.
  3. Vandagriff, Rachel S. “Talking about a Revolution: Protest Music and Popular Culture, from Selma, Alabama, to Ferguson, Missouri.” Lied Und Populäre Kultur / Song and Popular Culture 60/61 (2015): 347–50. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26538872.
  4. US Department of Justice, "DEA History Book, 1876–1990."(1991): 2
  5. Fryer, Roland G., et al. Measuring Crack Cocaine and Its Impact. Harvard University Society of Fellows (April, 2006): 3. https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/fryer/files/fhlm_crack_cocaine_0.pdf
  6. N.W.A, “Fuck tha Police,” Straight Outta Compton, produced by Dr. Dre and DJ Yella (Ruthless Records/ Priority Records, 1988)
  7. Coates, Ta-Nehisi. “Black and Blue: Why Does America’s Richest Black Suburb Have Some of the Country’s Most Brutal Cops?,” Washington Monthly, June 2001. Accessed July 26, 2023.
  8. Coate, Tan-Nehisi. “Fear of a Black President,” The Atlantic, Sepetember 2012. Accessed on July 26, 2023 https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2012/09/fear-of-a-black-president/309064/?utm_source=copy-link&utm_medium=social&utm_campaign=share
  9. Kendrick Lamar, “The Blacker the Berry,” To Pimp A Butterfly, produced by Boi-1da, KOZ, and Terrace Martin (Top Dawg Entertainment, Interscope Records, 2015)
  10. National Gang Center, National Youth Gang Survey, Chapter 5 Analysis. (n.d.) https://nationalgangcenter.ojp.gov/survey-analysis.
  11. Williams, Stereo. "Who Exactly Is Kendrick Lamar Raging Against in 'Blacker the Berry?'" The Daily Beast. (February 11, 2015) https://www.thedailybeast.com/who-exactly-is-kendrick-lamar-raging-against-in-the-blacker-the-berry